KEY FACTS Terminology Fatigue fracture: Fracture due to abnormal stresses applied (over time) to normal bone Insufficiency fracture: Fracture due to normal stresses applied to abnormal bone Stress response/reaction: Result of stresses upon bone prior to development of macroscopic fracture…
KEY FACTS Imaging High specificity for child abuse Classic metaphyseal lesions, posterior rib fractures Scapular fractures – Transverse or oblique fractures of mid acromion process most common – Acromion tip fracture mimics ossification center Sternal fractures – Linear lucency or…
KEY FACTS Terminology Classic metaphyseal lesion (CML) or metaphyseal corner fracture: Transverse fracture of subphyseal metaphysis that undercuts subperiosteal bone collar peripherally Fracture of infants with high specificity for child abuse Imaging Most common at distal femur, proximal & distal…
KEY FACTS Terminology Incomplete fracture: Macroscopic fracture line does not traverse entire bony diameter Pediatric bones more elastic than adult bones Greater propensity to bow or bend before breaking Buckle fracture: Focal outward bulge of cortex (without frank interruption) on…
KEY FACTS Terminology Apophysis: Nonarticular secondary center of ossification that serves as attachment site for muscle or tendon Acute injury: Avulsion fracture of osseous &/or cartilaginous apophysis through subjacent physis Chronic injury: Repetitive submaximal tensile forces (avulsive microtrauma) exceed rate…
KEY FACTS Terminology Fracture of immature skeleton involving cartilaginous primary growth plate (physis) Imaging Most fractures detected & managed by radiographs alone Widening or interruption of normally uniform undulating lucent physis Translation &/or angulation of bony fragment adjacent to physis…
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KEY FACTS Terminology Nonrandom association of anomalies involving multiple organ systems V ertebral/vascular A nal atresia/auricular C ardiac T racheoesophageal fistula E sophageal atresia R enal/radial ray/rib L imb VACTERL association diagnosed when ≥ 3 of above malformations present; causative…
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