Risk The incidence of HIV infection has been stable in USA, at approximately 20–30 newly diagnosed infections per 100,000 population per y. 20–25% of HIV infected pts will require surgery. Major risk factors: Neutropenia, yeast overgrowth, and/or nosocomial colonization of…
Risk Most common immunodeficiency disorder. Incidence estimated to be 1:100 to 1:1000. More prevalent among European descendants. Most pts are clinically normal. Increased risk of allergies and anaphylaxis. Increased risk of malignancies. Perioperative Risks Increased incidence of pulm complications, atopic…
Risk All pts undergoing anesthesia and surgery (7–35% in large series have Pa o 2 <60 mm Hg in OR or PACU). Pts with pulm disease, difficult airway management, severe hemodynamic instability. Perioperative Risks Hypoxemia may lead to hypoxia and…
Risk Hypothyroidism may be present in 2-5% of the general population and is more common in women and the elderly. Approximately 3% of adults receive chronic thyroid replacement. Perioperative Risks If inadequately treated, increased risk for hypothermia, hypotension, cardiac failure,…
Risk Greater in infants and children Greater in longer, larger operations Similar in RA and GA Perioperative Risks Surgical wound infections Coagulopathy Reduced drug metabolism Prolonged recovery and hospitalization Shivering and thermal discomfort Overview Benefits: Improved neurologic recovery in asphyxiated…
Risk Frequency: 0.163–0.184 per 1000 live births 7–9% of all congenital heart diseases Approximately 1000 infants/y in USA Male to female: Up to 2:1 15% is associated with genetic syndromes, such as Turner syndrome, Jacobsen syndrome, trisomy 13, trisomy 18,…
Risk Incidence: 45.5:100,000. 30% of pituitary macroadenomas (>10 mm) cause one or more hormone deficiencies. About 4.2 years after pituitary radiation therapy, some 50% of pts have hypopituitarism. Less common causes include empty sella syndrome, head trauma, infiltrative disease, and…
Risk Incidence: 1% of population, 5–20% of hospitalized pts Perioperative Risks Acute respiratory or cardiac failure, generalized weakness, confusion, seizures You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you…
Risk Most common cause of both acute and chronic hypoparathyroidism is surgery of the neck, including thyroidectomy, parathyroidectomy, and radical neck dissection. Nonsurgical hypoparathyroidism is rare. Etiologies include autoimmune disease, infiltrative diseases (e.g., hemochromatosis, Wilson disease), hypomagnesemia or hypermagnesemia, and…
Risk Preop hyponatremia is a prognostic marker for increased 30-d mortality, major cardiac events, wound infection, and pneumonia. Premenopausal women, especially those undergoing procedures associated with rapid irrigant absorption, are at particularly high risk of both symptomatic hyponatremia and osmotic…