Two questions arise when an arteriosclerotic renal artery stenosis is identified. First, is it a contributing factor to the patient’s hypertension or renal insufficiency? Second, if stenosis is a contributing factor and an operative intervention is deemed appropriate, is an…
Until the early 1960s, the pathophysiology and management of atherosclerotic renovascular disease focused solely on hypertension. However, current management of renal artery atherosclerosis considers the relationship between renal artery occlusive disease and renal insufficiency, a relationship recognized by the term…
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Duplex ultrasound scanning was developed in the 1970s as a direct noninvasive method for evaluating the extracranial carotid arteries. Subsequent advances in ultrasound technology, particularly the improved B-mode imaging systems, color-flow Doppler imaging, and lower-frequency ultrasound transducers, have extended the…
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Renal artery occlusive disease is the most common cause of surgically correctable hypertension in adults and in some instances contributes to deterioration in kidney function. It is a less common cause of secondary hypertension in pediatric patients. Pathologic processes causing…
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Gastroduodenal artery aneurysms account for 1.5% and pancreatic and pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysms account for 2% of all splanchnic artery aneurysms. These aneurysms are usually categorized as being either pseudoaneurysms or true aneurysms. It is important to acknowledge their differences regarding…
Mesenteric artery aneurysms are an uncommon disease within the splanchnic circulation. Although a considerable number of case reports and small series exist that describe the relevance and management of these aneurysms, our knowledge on this topic remains somewhat anecdotal. Nevertheless,…