Additional content is available online at Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians In 2018 the total cost of health care in the United States was approximately $3.6 trillion, 17.7% of the Gross Domestic Product, and more than 10% was spent on…
Additional content is available online at Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians Novel Technologies in the Identification of Biomarkers The limitations of currently available biomarkers for screening or prognostic use underscore the importance of identifying “uncorrelated” or “orthogonal” biomarkers associated with…
Additional content is available online at Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians Naturally occurring human genetic variation has served for decades to elucidate the root causes of disease, including cardiovascular disease. Exponential technologic advances in computation, data science, and assay development…
Additional content is available online at Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians What is Health Policy? Health policy is the collection of federal, state, and local statutes and regulations that determine the “rules of the game” in health care. Many of…
Additional content is available online at Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians Medicine is an information science. Information is being produced at an unprecedented rate and is readily accessible using electronic searches and hand-held devices, making skills to parse and use…
Additional content is available online at Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians Modern cardiovascular medicine prides itself on being evidence based. Virtually all the therapeutic advances that have informed the treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease have resulted from the findings…
Additional content is available online at Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians The Lancet Commission on pollution and health defines pollution as unwanted, often dangerous, chemical material introduced into the environment as the result of human activity, that threatens health and…
Additional content is available online at Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians Shifting Burden Between 1990 and 2017, deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD) increased from 26% to 32% of all deaths globally, a reflection of the rapid epidemiologic transition, particularly in…
Additional content is available online at Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians The Birth Although the heart was recognized as a vital organ in early human history, its function was not understood but was widely debated over millennia. In 1628, William…