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Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis


Definition

  • Acute demyelinating inflammatory disorder characterized by perivascular (especially perivenular) myelin loss that is widely distributed throughout the brain and spinal cord and only affects the central nervous system (CNS); a monophasic disorder; occurs most often in children

Clinical Features

Epidemiology

  • Incidence: 0.4 to 0.8 per 100,000

  • Rarely associated with vaccinations: 0.1 to 0.2 per 100,000

  • May occur after viral infections: measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, vaccinia, influenza

    • Up to 100 per 100,000 after measles encephalitis

    • 0.1 per 100,000 after measles vaccination

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