Cervical Stenosis

Introduction

• Description: Cervical stenosis is the narrowing of the cervical canal, either congenital or acquired, which may result in complete or partial obstruction. Stenosis occurs most often in the region of the internal cervical os.

• Prevalence: Uncommon.

• Predominant Age: 30–70 years.

• Genetics: No genetic pattern.

Etiology and Pathogenesis

• Causes: Operative damage (cone biopsy [up to 8% of patients], electrocautery, cryocautery [<1% of patients]), radiation, infection, neoplasia, atrophy, congenital (rare).

• Risk Factors: Operative therapy (cone biopsy, cautery), radiation, chronic infection, neoplasia, untreated menopause.

Signs and Symptoms