Tag Vijay R. Ramakrishnan MD

IBC

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Septoplasty and Turbinate Surgery

Key Points 1. The various approaches to septoplasty include endonasal (Killian, hemitransfixion, transfixion incisions), open, endoscopic, and endoscopic-assisted. Many techniques exist for performing inferior turbinate reduction. Surgery on nondiseased middle turbinates is not commonly performed. 2. During septoplasty, care should…

Epistaxis

Key Points 1. Anterior epistaxis is the most common and often originates from Little’s area in Kiesselbach’s plexus, whereas posterior bleeds commonly originate from the sphenopalatine artery distribution. 2. The most important initial evaluation is a rough gauge of epistaxis…

Skull Base Surgery

Key Points 1. Proper selection of the surgical approach requires thorough evaluation to meet the surgical goals, while attempting to minimize injury to adjacent neurovascular structures. 2. A multidisciplinary team is helpful in the management of skull base tumors, including…

Taste and Smell

Key Points 1. Chemosensation (the perception of chemicals) relies on three sensory systems: taste, olfaction, and somatosensory. 2. Chemosensory dysfunction can severely influence quality of life, ranging from safety issues such as detection of a gas leak to higher functions…

Facial Pain and Headache

Key Points 1. Headaches can be classified as primary, secondary, or both. Primary headaches occur in the absence of another disorder known to cause headaches (e.g., tension-type or migraine headache). Secondary headaches occur in the presence of another disorder that…