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Introduction Over the past decade, there has been an enormous expansion of knowledge regarding the molecular pathogenesis of thyroid tumors and major advances in clinically applying this knowledge to enhance diagnostic approaches to thyroid nodules and informing clinical trials and…
Normal Gross Anatomy and Embryology The parathyroid glands, the last major organ to be recognized in humans, were discovered in 1880 by Ivar Sandstrom, a Swedish medical student, as recounted by Aidan Carney in his delightful essay on the subject.…
Normal Anatomy and Thyroid Gland Development The thyroid anlage appears in the embryo as a midline structure at the site corresponding to the foramen cecum of the adult tongue. From here, it descends as a component of the thyroglossal duct…