Patients with nose, sinus, and ear disorders may have a variety of chief complaints. Nasal symptoms, including rhinorrhea and congestion, may be due to allergic, infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic, or structural causes. Sinus disorders generally result in concomitant nasal inflammation, so…
Key Points Intractable aspiration results in chronic soilage of the lower respiratory tract and life-threatening pulmonary infections. In adult patients, cerebrovascular accident with subsequent lower cranial nerve palsies is the most common cause of intractable aspiration; other causes include neuromuscular…
Key Points Most immune deficiencies are acquired and affect the adaptive immune system, resulting in dysfunction of T cells and B cells. Patients with immunodeficiency are at risk for fungal, bacterial, and viral infections, and they have higher rates of…