Shu Man Fu Archives - Clinical Tree

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Mechanisms of renal damage in systemic lupus erythematosus

Introduction Renal involvement of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was first reported by W. Osler in 1895. “Wire loop” glomeruli, the pathological lesions that are characteristic of lupus nephritis (LN) were described by Baehr et al in 1935. With the advent of…

History of systemic lupus erythematosus with an emphasis on certain recent major issues

History of clinical observations The clinical history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is interesting and torturous. It took more than 150 years for clinicians to describe the characteristics of all involved organs. The detailed histories of SLE from Hippocrates to Osler…