Acknowledgments Dr. Sempoux extends very special thanks to Professor Darius Moradpour and Dr. Sabine Schmidt-Kobbe (CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland) for their critical clinical advice in formulating this chapter. The term cirrhosis is derived from the Greek word “kirrhos” meaning “yellow” or…
Abbreviations AIH autoimmune hepatitis AMR antibody-mediated rejection BMI body mass index cAMR chronic antibody-mediated rejection CMV cytomegalovirus DAA direct-acting antivirus DCD donation after (cardiac) circulatory death DSA donor-specific EBV Epstein-Barr virus FCH fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis HBcAg hepatitis B core antigen…
Abbreviations DIC disseminated intravascular coagulopathy EHPVO extrahepatic portal vein obstruction GSTM1 glutathione S-transferase M1 gene HELLP hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets MRI magnetic resonance imaging NRH nodular regenerative hyperplasia SAAG serum-ascites albumin gradient VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor…
Molecular Physiology of Bile Formation and Secretion Marwan Ghabril, MD Bile is ubiquitous to almost all known vertebrate species. It is a complex aqueous but lipid rich solution composed of water, electrolytes, and a number of organic molecules including bile acids,…
Abbreviations ADPKD autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease ADPLD autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease ARPKD autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease CD Caroli disease CHF congenital hepatic fibrosis K a a Although the prefix CK is widely used in surgical pathology to…
Abbreviations AAT alpha-1 antitrypsin ER endoplasmic reticulum PAS periodic acid–Schiff Pi protease inhibitor Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is the most abundant protease inhibitor and the second most abundant protein in plasma. It is produced predominantly by the liver and in smaller…
Abbreviations AIH autoimmune hepatitis ALGS Alagille syndrome CMV cytomegalovirus ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinases GGT gamma glutamyltransferase HIDA hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid JAG1 jagged-1 LCH Langerhans cell histiocytosis MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinases MAP2K1 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 NISCH neonatal sclerosing cholangitis…
Abbreviations H&E hematoxylin and eosin HMS hepatic microcirculatory subunit K keratin ∗ ∗ Although the prefix CK is widely used in surgical pathology to designate human cytokeratins, consensus nomenclature recommends the replacement of “cytokeratin” with “keratin” and the prefix “CK”…