Clinical Pearls Intraventricular lesions often present with nonspecific symptoms and clinical signs and can affect patients of all ages. They may grow quite large before the diagnosis is secured. Imaging studies, in concert with a detailed knowledge of the surrounding…
Clinical Pearls The pineal region is bordered posteriorly by the tentorial apex, inferiorly by the culmen of the cerebellar vermis, superiorly by the splenium of the corpus callosum, and anteriorly by the third ventricle, quadrigeminal plate, and midbrain tectum. Pineal…
Clinical Pearls As with all trauma patients, traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients must be promptly resuscitated and surveyed. A focus on oxygenation, ventilation, blood pressure, and determination of the Glasgow Coma Scale should be the immediate priority followed by a…
Clinical Pearls Listen and observe the patient whether in a chair, bed, or on an examining table before beginning the clinical examination. If you focus on an obvious deficit, you may miss an important detail such as a weak limb…
Summary of Key Points The Chiari malformations are a spectrum of developmental conditions involving bone and parenchymal abnormalities of the hindbrain and craniovertebral junction. The Chiari I malformation is defined by the anatomic anomaly of cerebellar tonsil descent below the…