The authors wish to thank Benjamin M. Zussman, Peter G. Campell, and James S. Harrop for their work on the previous edition’s version of this chapter. Indications Cervical disk herniation with persistent radiculopathy and/or myelopathy following conservative measures. Cervical disk…
The authors wish to acknowledge Daniel S. Hutton and Kee D. Kim for their work on the previous edition’s version of this chapter. Indications Patients with acute type II odontoid fractures (< 6 months) and patients with fractures with either…
The authors would like to thank Matthew J. Tormenti, Ricky Madhok, and Adam S. Kanter for their work on the previous edition’s version of this chapter. Indications Irreducible atlantoaxial subluxation with compression of cervicomedullary junction. Ventrally located pathology of the…
The authors wish to thank Nestor D. Tomycz and David O. Okonkwo for their work on the previous edition’s version of this chapter. Indications Occipitocervical fusion is performed for craniovertebral junction (CVJ) instability. Posttraumatic: Atlantooccipital dislocation, complex fractures involving CVJ,…
Indications C1-2 posterior cervical fusion is indicated in patients with odontoid fractures that cannot be repaired with an odontoid screw, including (1) type II odontoid fractures with atlantoaxial joint fracture, (2) type II odontoid fractures with oblique fractures in the…
The authors wish to thank Vincent Y. Wang and Dean Chou for their work on the previous edition’s version of this chapter. Indications Indications for C1-2 transarticular screw fixation, also known as Magerl’s method, are atlantoaxial instability, tumor formation, ligamentous…
The authors wish to thank Carmina F. Angeles for her work on the previous edition’s version of this chapter. Procedure notes Instability of C1-2 may be due to trauma, infection, tumors, or rheumatoid arthritis. In deciding the appropriate management of…
Indications Hydrocephalus, communicating or obstructive, that is not amenable to endoscopic third ventriculostomy (with or without choroid plexus coagulation) or treatment of primary etiology (i.e., removal of obstructing fourth ventricular neoplasm). Failure of previously placed shunt system. Contraindications Fevers or…
Indications Patients with late-onset (adolescent or adult) nontumoral obstructive hydrocephalus have the highest rate of success after endoscopic third ventriculostomy (close to 90%). The high success rate in this group is likely related to the presence of intact pathways for…
Indications Fenestration of arachnoid cysts is indicated in cysts that show significant increase in size or associated clinical symptoms. The size of an arachnoid cyst typically remains stable or increases over time, and associated symptoms are unlikely to resolve spontaneously.…