Introduction Although the sinus node has been recognized as the primary cardiac pacemaker for more than a century, our understanding of its complex anatomy, molecular construct, and pacemaking mechanisms remains incomplete. The cell biology of cardiac impulse initiation and propagation…
Atrial flutter (AFL) is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias in humans, afflicting approximately 0.19 million people in the United States in 2005; its prevalence is expected to increase to 0.44 million by 2050 because of the aging population.…
Additional content is available online at Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians Definitions The 2015 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Heart Rhythm Society (ACC/AHA/HRS) guidelines defined supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) as: An umbrella term used to describe tachycardias (atrial and/or ventricular rates…