Background The thoracic and lumbar regions are the most common anatomic sites for vertebral fractures. The thoracolumbar area is especially susceptible to trauma, accounting for 52% of all thoracic and lumbar fractures. The most common fracture types in the thoracolumbar…
Introduction Lumbar intervertebral discs are complex structures subjected to significant axial compressive forces. Because of biomechanical demands and the inability to remodel as a result of an avascular nature, lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a relatively common cause of back…
Summary of Key Points Pediatric spinal cord injury (SCI) is rare and requires a review of the principles of medical management. The goals of pediatric SCI management are to optimize neurological recovery, minimize medical complications, initiate early mobilization, and facilitate…
Introduction Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurologic entity and a life-altering event. SCI affects approximately 1.4 million North Americans, with a disproportionate number of patients who are younger than 30 years of age. Injury results in the…
Chapter Preview Chapter Synopsis Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious worldwide health problem, often resulting in significant morbidity and permanent neurologic deficits. The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale can be used to classify the extent of the…