Malignant tumors of the ampulla of Vater are uncommon. Fewer than 1 in 50,000 people older than 40 years are diagnosed with ampullary malignancy each year. Much more common is a heterogeneous group of malignancies occurring in the peri ampullary…
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Pancreas Successful pancreatic imaging requires the ability to image the entire gland. In general, the body and tail of the pancreas are imaged through the posterior wall of the stomach, and, in most cases, the transgastric approach provides images of…
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Esophagus Obtaining high-quality images of the esophageal wall is one of the more difficult tasks that an endosonographer will encounter. One has to deal with the “catch 22” that pits adequate coupling of the ultrasound signal to the esophageal wall…
Malignant Gastric Outlet Obstruction Malignant gastric outlet obstruction (MGOO) is a syndrome caused by intestinal obstruction due to tumor growth in the pyloric region or duodenum ( Fig. 33.1 ). Because of this mechanical obstruction, food and fluids accumulate in…