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Introduction The endovascular treatment of renovascular disease remains controversial. Despite several adequately powered randomized trials, there is no current evidence to support the broad use and efficacy of renal artery stenting. However, renal revascularization remains a commonly used treatment option…
Historical Background In 1978 Grüntzig and colleagues were the first to describe angioplasty for the treatment of atherosclerotic renal artery disease, and in 1991 early experience with balloon-expandable and self-expanding stents for treatment of renal artery stenosis was reported. Stent…
The treatment of renal artery disease should be guided by the cause of the arterial obstruction and the health consequence(s) of the obstruction. A renal artery stenosis (RAS) of any cause that has no sequelae, such as hypertension or functional…