Synopsis ■ There is still much debate regarding the optimal treatment for alveolar reconstruction in cleft care. ■ Current treatment protocols differ regarding timing of repair, graft material, and surgical technique. ■ Secondary alveolar autogenous bone grafting remains the standard…
Background The earliest descriptions referencing the management of mandible fractures date back to Ancient Egypt (1650 BC) in which the pathology was described as incurable, inevitably resulting in infectious complications, and leading ultimately to demise. Hippocrates would revolutionize the management…
Background Injury to the midface can have significant aesthetic and functional sequelae. The bony skeleton serves as a framework that aids in respiratory, ocular, vocal, olfactory, and digestive functions. Normal anatomy and symmetry of the midface is integral to social…