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32.1 Introduction Epilepsy has been recognized as a serious medical condition for thousands of years . Estimates of its prevalence range from 0.5% to 1%; thus 30–80 million people suffer from epilepsy. Despite this, medical therapies fail in up to…
Introduction Neuromodulation requires a means of affecting the function of neurons and/or axons. This can be achieved by physical means such as changing temperature or mechanical pressure. Manipulation of the chemical environment by changing pH, ionic concentration, or the release…