Summary of Key Points Early diagnosis and determination of chorionicity in the first trimester are critical for the optimal management of multiple gestations. Dichorionic twins may be either monozygotic or dizygotic, whereas essentially all monochorionic twins are monozygotic. In addition…
Introduction Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence is a rare complication specific to monochorionic twin pregnancies. As a result of early vascular disruption occurring during embryogenesis, a dysmorphic acardiac twin receives circulatory support from a pump twin via aberrant placental…
Introduction Twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a serious condition that can complicate twin pregnancies with monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) placentation. MCDA twin pregnancies should be monitored for TTTS with serial ultrasound (US) scans beginning in the second trimester. Early-stage TTTS can…
Introduction Intrauterine fetal shunts provide continuous drainage of fluid accumulations that are associated with a high risk of death or profound morbidity without decompression. The shunts are flexible plastic catheters that are percutaneously guided to a fetal location in utero…
Introduction Monochorionic twin gestations are at increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality related to a shared placental circulation. They are uniquely susceptible to the development of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), with an incidence of approximately 10% to 15%. TTTS…
Introduction The use of radiofrequency energy to create focal thermal tissue injury was first studied in the liver in the early 1990s. In 1996 the first radiofrequency ablation (RFA) procedure was performed on a patient with a liver tumor at…