Indications In general, surgical resection is preferred for accessible, symptomatic lesions with a focal growth pattern, while stereotactic biopsy is typically reserved for tumors with a diffuse growth pattern. If obstructive hydrocephalus is present, it is treated with a CSF…
Indications and Preoperative Considerations Selective deep-seated intra-axial tumors can be surgically resected with the use of a tubular retractor system that creates a controlled surgical corridor with minimal brain retraction and damage to surrounding brain tissue. This controlled surgical corridor…
Introduction Metastatic lesions account for over 50% of intracranial lesions in adults. The most common primary locations of these metastases are lung, breast, skin and large intestine. The majority of intracranial metastases occur at the grey–white matter junction in the…
Indications Intra-axial lesions are located in close proximity to the motor cortex (rolandic and perirolandic regions including the supplementary motor area). The infiltrative rather displacing nature of gliomas makes this approach suitable for low-grade gliomas (astrocytoma, oligoastrocytoma or oligodendrogliomas) and…
Introduction Parasites are organisms that exist by exploiting a host by obtaining nutrients from it. There are three types of parasites that can infest humans including protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites. A number of parasitic infections invade the central nervous system…
Introduction Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the more commonly encountered pathologies in neurological surgery. Current trends indicate that CSDH are poised to become the most common intracranial diagnosis to require surgical intervention by year 2030, exceeding both primary…
Introduction The clinical manifestations of supratentorial stroke, ischemic or hemorrhagic, are usually diagnosed in a timely fashion. However, infratentorial stroke can be indolent, and its diagnosis is often delayed until severe clinical symptoms are evident. The posterior fossa tolerates very…
The majority of tumors of the lateral and third ventricles are benign or low-grade lesions. Because of their relatively slow growth rate, these lesions may reach several centimeters in size before patients present with neurologic dysfunction. The most common clinical…
Introduction Deep-seated brain lesions include a variety of pathologies, including benign and malignant brain tumors, vascular malformations, and intracranial hemorrhages (ICHs), among others. A deep-seated location is a nebulous term, but generally refers to any location below the deepest sulcal…