The word “plastic” is derived from the Greek word for “moldable.” Therefore, plastic surgery refers to surgery that focuses on form and function. Form is often related to appearance, which is why aesthetics usually plays an important role in plastic…
Synopsis ■ Traumas that would likely produce fractures in adults often do not in children due to intrinsic anatomical factors. ■ In addition to the unique anatomy of the pediatric patient, future growth and development must be accounted for when…
Access video lecture content for this chapter online at Elsevier eBooks+ History and evolution of palatoplasty Cleft palate surgery has been refined over hundreds of years. Early cleft care simply focused on physically separating the oral cavity from the nasal…
Access video lecture content for this chapter online at Elsevier eBooks+ History The social, cultural, and religious significance of the cleft lip has been documented throughout ancient history. Notable Peruvian pottery specimens dating back 3000 years have been linked to…
Synopsis A cleft palate represents a developmental failure in separating the oral and the nasal cavities. The communication allows for uncontrolled passage of air, liquid, and food between the two cavities, thus significantly impairing feeding and normal speech development. Anatomically,…
Background Pediatric orbital fractures differ from the adult population in terms of presentation, management, and complications. The craniofacial skeleton undergoes significant anatomical and physiological changes from birth into adulthood; therefore, the fracture patterns in the pediatric population present differently, influencing…