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KEY POINTS 1. Chronic cardiopulmonary and neurologic disorders are the most common indications for neonatal tracheostomy, overtaking upper airway obstruction. 2. Noninvasive ventilation of neonates is likely reducing indications and the need for tracheostomy. 3. Neonatal tracheostomy is associated with…
Introduction Pediatric tracheal stenosis is the clinical presentation of a diverse and complex spectrum of disease processes. Etiologies range from iatrogenic injury, trauma, infection, congenital malformations, neoplasms, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), autoimmune processes, and granulomatous diseases. Classification is necessary in…