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Classification and Definitions Many different classification systems have been described for spinal deformities. Over the years, some of these classifications have fallen out of favor while new descriptive terms have been applied. To accurately diagnose a spinal deformity, it is…

Clinical Aspects The cervical spine and thoracolumbar junction are the most common sites of spinal trauma. Specifically, the most common sites for fractures and dislocations are the lower cervical spine (C4–7), the thoracolumbar junction (T10–L2) and the craniocervical junction (C1–2).…