Introduction Bone metastases are common in patients with advanced malignancies. Autopsy series have shown an incidence of bone metastases of approximately 70% in breast and prostate cancer and 35% in lung cancer. Osseous metastases can profoundly influence quality of life…
Introduction Small bowel (SB) malignancies account for only 3% of all gastrointestinal (GI) neoplasms and 0.6% of all cancers in the United States. Common primary malignant tumors include carcinoid (40%), adenocarcinoma (31%), lymphoma (17%), and sarcoma (9%). The risk of…
Introduction Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are a heterogeneous subgroup of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The term neuroendocrine is derived from the similarity to neural cells in the expression of proteins such as synaptophysin, neuron-specific enolase, and chromogranin A. PNETs are…