Introduction Kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of pathological compression fractures and osteoporotic compression fractures of the spine. This procedure represents a valuable treatment option for patients and their families, especially in terms of pain relief and…
Introduction Atlanto-axial (C1-C2) facet joint arthropathy is an underdiagnosed condition closely associated with the development of refractory occipital pain. Prevalence increases with age, ranging from 5% in the sixth decade to 18% in the ninth decade of life. Moreover, the…
Introduction C1-C2 pannus most commonly results from both chronic instability of the atlanto-axial segment and an inflammatory process of the atlanto-axial joint (AAJ). These degenerative processes are typically associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cause ligamentous structural destruction. RA affects…