Gruschen R. Veldtman Archives

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Definition and Morphology Definitions Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSDs) encompass a spectrum of cardiac anomalies. The hallmark feature is a five-leaflet atrioventricular (AV) valve with a common AV annulus that guards a common AV orifice, or separate left and right AV…

Late Complications Following the Fontan Operation

The univentricular heart encompasses a spectrum of rare and complex congenital cardiac malformations whereby both atria predominantly egress into one functionally single ventricular chamber, precluding biventricular repair. Population studies indicate an overall prevalence of approximately 2 per 10,000 live births.…

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Atrioventricular Septal Defects

Late Complications Following the Fontan Operation