Communication between the cardiologist and providers of primary care is an essential component of the medical care of the patient and is of increasing importance in the current era, which is marked by increased complexity of medical testing and polypharmacy.…
Introduction Prior to the early 1980s, it was uncommon for children with complex congenital heart disease (cCHD) to survive into later childhood. The nearly simultaneous advances in congenital heart surgery, echocardiography, and intensive care medicine were coupled with the availability…
Good judgement comes from experience. Experience comes from bad judgement. ANONYMOUS Half of what I'm teaching you is wrong. The problem is that I don't know what half it is. ANONYMOUS Introduction Some of the most challenging forms of congenital…
Introduction The advances made in the management of newborns and infants with all forms of critical congenital heart disease (cCHD) over the past 3 decades have truly been among the triumphs of cardiac care. In all forms of cCHD, nearly…
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On average, up to 12% of liveborn infants in the developed world are born prior to term. These rates have increased as a consequence of assisted reproductive technology and earlier intervention for either maternal or fetal well-being. The causes of…
In developed countries, the last few decades have heralded many advances in the diagnosis and management of congenital heart disease (CHD). These include surgery in neonates and infants; the establishment of pediatric cardiac intensive care; nursing and cardiac anesthesia; subspecialization…