With the advances in ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thoracic lesions are now commonly detected before birth. The most common congenital thoracic lesions include congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH); congenital bronchopulmonary malformations, which represent a group of lung anomalies,…
Central nervous system (CNS) anomalies occur in 1.4 to 1.6 per 1,000 live births and 3% to 6% of still births. Whereas some anomalies can be detected as early as the first trimester (such as anencephaly), others may not develop…
Summary of Key Points Transcranial Doppler (TCD) can be performed, with or without imaging. Four windows are available after closure of the anterior fontanelle—temporal, orbital, transforaminal, and submandibular. Physiologic variables including age, gender, hematocrit, viscosity, carbon dioxide, temperature, blood pressure,…
Summary of Key Points Normal fetal lungs appear homogeneously echogenic on ultrasound surrounding the heart with a cardiothoracic ratio that remains constant through the second and third trimesters. Pulmonary hypoplasia can be primary or secondary and unilateral or bilateral. Congenital…
Why Fetal Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging? Imaging is an essential component of the evaluation and care of the developing fetus. Ultrasound remains the core screening modality because of its availability, safety profile, and low cost. Standard of care includes a…