Introduction The congenital malformation characterized by origin of the arterial trunks from morphologically inappropriate ventricles has probably been the source of as much confusion and controversy as any other single topic in pediatric cardiology. When Matthew Baillie described the first…
Introduction Lev and Eckner made the appropriate statement that no two cases of tetralogy are exactly the same. Although that is fundamentally true, the characteristic anatomy permits its instant recognition as a phenotypic entity. It is appropriate that we continue…
The scope of this chapter is restricted to congenital lesions of the mitral valve. Anomalies of the mitral valve may also be caused by (or associated with) other congenital heart conditions or general diseases. See Table 34.1 and the chapters…
Introduction The most common congenital malformations afflicting the tricuspid valve are Ebstein malformation and tricuspid valvar dysplasia. These lesions are considered in this chapter, together with a brief look at acquired malformations. Tricuspid valvar abnormalities, or abnormalities of the morphologically…
Introduction Holes between the ventricles can occur as isolated anomalies but are also seen in association with many other defects. For example, they are found as integral parts of entities such as the tetralogy of Fallot, double-outlet ventricles, and most…
There is a group of lesions unified by the anatomic hallmark of a common atrioventricular junction coexisting with deficient atrioventricular septation. The key to their differentiation from other potentially related defects is the presence of the common junction, including the…
Introduction Division, or partitioning, of one of the atrial chambers is a rare malformation. Severe symptoms, or even death, may result if this condition is untreated. When recognized and treated surgically, life expectancy should be normal. Either the morphologically right…
Introduction Channels permitting shunting between the atrial chambers are important congenital cardiac anomalies because they are relatively common and are more nearly completely correctable than most other cardiac malformations, even more so in the era of catheter intervention. It may…
Introduction This chapter considers abnormalities of the pulmonary veins, in particular their anomalous connections to the systemic venous system. The variant of partially anomalous pulmonary venous connection associated with the sinus venosus interatrial communication is described in detail. The anomalous…
Introduction This chapter deals with abnormalities of position and connection of the major systemic venous channels that drain to the heart. We also discuss abnormal persistence of the valves of the embryonic systemic venous sinus. The anomalies included vary widely,…