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Graves Disease

KEY FACTS Terminology Autoimmune disorder with long-acting, thyroid-stimulating antibodies producing hyperplasia and hypertrophy of thyroid You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Colloid Cyst of Thyroid

KEY FACTS Imaging Typically, unilocular, thin-walled cyst Anechoic content with posterior acoustic enhancement Echogenic foci with comet-tail artifacts are characteristic Represent suspended colloid aggregates Hemorrhage into cyst results in thick wall with debris, septa, or fluid level Colloid cyst can arise in hyperplastic nodule Background solid, isoechoic nodule with colloid aggregates in cystic spaces of variable sizes; no punctate calcification Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration is not necessary…

Cervical Lymph Nodes

TERMINOLOGY Synonyms Internal jugular chain (IJC): Deep cervical chain Spinal accessory chain (SAC): Posterior triangle chain Transverse cervical chain: Supraclavicular chain Anterior cervical chain: Prelaryngeal, pretracheal, paratracheal nodes Paratracheal node: Recurrent laryngeal node Definitions Jugulodigastric node: "Sentinel" (highest) node, found at apex of IJC at angle of mandible Virchow node: "Signal" node, lowest node of deep cervical chain Troisier node: Most medial node of transverse cervical…

Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor

KEY FACTS Terminology Group of ovarian tumors arising from either embryonic sex cords or mesenchyme Fibroma, thecoma, fibrothecoma Granulosa cell tumor Sertoli-Leydig tumor (androblastoma) Sclerosing stromal tumor, steroid cell tumors, gynandroblastoma, and sex cord tumor with annular tubules You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Gartner Duct Cyst

KEY FACTS Terminology Gartner duct cyst: Embryonic remnant of wolffian (mesonephric) duct, lined with nonmucinous columnar cells Associated with renal/ureteral/müllerian anomalies You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Bartholin Cyst

KEY FACTS Terminology Bartholin glands (or greater vestibular glands) are mucus-secreting glands located in vulvar vestibule, just lateral and inferior to vaginal introitus Occlusion of Bartholin glands resulting in cyst formation You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst

KEY FACTS Terminology Synonyms: Peritoneal pseudocyst, benign cystic mesothelioma Not true cyst but peritoneal or ovarian fluid trapped by peritoneal adhesions You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Parovarian Cyst

KEY FACTS Terminology Cyst originating from wolffian duct in mesosalpinx or broad ligament Synonym: Paratubal cyst You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Hydrosalpinx

KEY FACTS Imaging Thin-walled, distended tube; tube wall < 3 mm Convoluted or S-shaped, oval or pear-shaped, more dilated at fimbriated end Separate from uterus and ovaries Content anechoic; low-level echoes suggest acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Thin endosalpingeal folds (~ 2-3 mm) protrude into lumen Incomplete septa: Short, linear echogenic projections into lumen from tubal kinking Waist sign: Indentation of opposing walls of dilated tubal…

Tuboovarian Abscess

KEY FACTS Terminology Spectrum of disease, including endometritis, salpingitis, tuboovarian abscess (TOA), and oophoritis You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here