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Genitourinary Tract

Embryology and Anatomy Kidney Formation Kidney development undergoes a complicated series of formation and regression of primitive renal structures Final kidney is formed from interaction of the ureteric bud and specialized mesoderm, the metanephric blastema Ureteric bud induces metanephric blastema to form nephrons In turn, metanephric blastema induces ureteric bud to bifurcate into developing calyces Anomalies resulting in failure of ureteric bud to interact appropriately with…

Choledochal Cyst

KEY FACTS Terminology 5 types, but cystic dilation of common bile duct (CBD) is most common type seen in utero You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Duodenal Atresia

KEY FACTS Terminology Lack of normal duodenal canalization leading to partial (web/stenosis) or complete obstruction (atresia) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Gastroschisis

KEY FACTS Terminology Bowel herniates through right-sided abdominal wall defect next to normal umbilical cord insertion site Newborn classification of gastroschisis Simple: Isolated, no other bowel anomalies Complex: Bowel atresia, necrosis, perforation, volvulus Difficult to predict complex gastroschisis in fetus You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Omphalocele

KEY FACTS Terminology Membrane-covered midline abdominal wall defect with herniation of abdominal contents into base of cord You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here