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Oliguria


Oliguria is the passage of less than 400 mL of urine in 24 hours. Anuria is defined as the failure to pass urine (less than 100 mL in 24 hours). Oliguria is an important feature of acute renal failure.

Causes

Renal circulatory insufficiency

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    Dehydration, e.g. vomiting, diarrhoea

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    Shock, e.g. haemorrhage, burns

Renal

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    Nephrotoxins

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    Acute tubular necrosis

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    Acute cortical necrosis

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    Acute glomerulonephritis

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    Acute interstitial nephritis

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    Vascular lesions

Post-renal (obstructive)

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    Prostatic hypertrophy

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    Post-renal calculi

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    Pelvic tumours

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    Haematoma

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    Retroperitoneal fibrosis

Others

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    Mismatched transfusion (haemoglobinuria)

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    Crush injuries (myoglobinuria)

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