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Nerve Root Enlargement
A 24-year-old woman with a history of neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with a 3-month history of weakness and tremors in her right hand. Ax , axial; Cor , coronal; Sag , sagittal.
A 17-year-old male with foot deformity and scoliosis. Ax , axial.
A 59-year-old man presenting with pain and sensation of a mass in the right side of the neck. Ax , axial; Cor , coronal; Sag , sagittal.
A 35-year-old woman presenting with 2 weeks of increasing dull pain in the right upper quadrant. Ax , axial; Cor , coronal.
A 24-year-old presenting with a 2-week history of bilateral lower extremity weakness. Ax , axial; Sag , sagittal.
DESCRIPTION OF FINDINGS
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Case A: Bilateral, enhancing, plexiform, mass-like enlargement of the cervical nerve roots extending into the extraforaminal paraspinal region.
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Case B: Enhancement and diffuse enlargement of the sacral foraminal nerve roots and extraforaminal sacral nerves bilaterally.
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Case C: An extramedullary mass expanding the right C2-C3 neural foramen. The mass has a target appearance with central hypointensity on T2-weighted images.
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Case D: A heterogeneously enhancing large right upper quadrant mass extends out of the spinal canal through a right upper lumbar neural foramen.
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Case E: Diffuse enhancement of the cauda equina nerve roots and pia of the conus medullaris.
Diagnosis
Case A
Plexiform neurofibromas in the setting of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)
Case B
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease
Case C
Solitary benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor confirmed by biopsy
Case D
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor confirmed by excisional biopsy
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