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Hallucinations


An hallucination is an apparent sensory perception of an external object when no such object is present. They may be auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory or gustatory in nature. It is to be differentiated from an illusion, which is a real perception that is misinterpreted.

Causes

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    Fever (especially children and the elderly)

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    Drugs (and drug withdrawal)

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      Marijuana

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      Cocaine

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      LSD

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      Ecstasy

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      Solvent sniffing

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      Amphetamines

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      Tricyclic antidepressant overdose

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    Alcohol

    • ●

      Alcoholic hallucinations

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      Delirium tremens (alcohol withdrawal)

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    Extreme fatigue

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    Psychiatric disorders

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      Schizophrenia

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      Bipolar disorder

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      Schizoaffective disorder

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      Post-traumatic stress disorder

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    Sensory deprivation (e.g. blindness or deafness)

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    Hypoxia

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    Severe metabolic disturbances (e.g. diabetic ketoacidosis, hypothyroidism)

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    Severe medical illness

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      Liver failure

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      Renal failure

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    Neurological disease

    • ●

      Temporal lobe epilepsy

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      Cerebral tumour

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      Post-concussional state

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      Dementia

    • ●

      Narcolepsy

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    Others

    • ●

      Bereavement reaction

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