Disorders of clotting can present with an increased tendency to clotting (thrombophilia) or a decreased ability to form clots and therefore an increased risk of bleeding.

Causes

Increased clotting

Congenital

  • Factor V Leiden deficiency

  • Protein C deficiency

  • Protein S deficiency

  • Antithrombin III deficiency

Acquired

  • Malignancy

  • Pregnancy

  • Infection

  • Prolonged immobility

  • Autoimmune: anti-phospholipid syndrome (can be related to SLE)

  • Drugs: oral oestrogen-containing contraception, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

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