Introduction Carotid artery disease is highly prevalent, with approximately 12.5% of men and 6.9% of women over the age of 70 years in the United States having asymptomatic carotid disease. The association between atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery and…
Background Until fairly recently, stroke was largely believed to be a result solely of intracranial pathology. William Osler attributed stroke mainly to intracranial hemorrhage or vasospasm and made no mention of carotid or vertebral artery occlusive disease. Yet the relationship…
Even though visceral artery aneurysms represent a rare pathology, they have important significance because of their potentially lethal clinical course. These lesions were described more than 200 years ago, and initial case reports consisted mostly of emergent interventions for rupture.…
Upper extremity aneurysms are uncommon relative to other peripheral arterial aneurysms. Arch vessel aneurysms, the most frequent type of upper extremity aneurysm, can lead to life-threatening exsanguination as a result of rupture, as well as numerous other complications, including stroke,…
Aneurysms occurring in the arteries of the lower extremity are second in frequency only to aneurysms of the infrarenal aorta and iliac arteries. Historically, lower extremity aneurysms were typically mycotic, syphilitic, or traumatic in origin. However, most aneurysms in the…
Introduction The presence of a penetrating aortic ulcer (PAU) often indicates a severely diseased aorta. Although first described as an incidental component of dissecting aneurysms in 1934, PAU was not clearly defined as an aortic pathology until 1986 and is…
Introduction Acute aortic dissection is the most common catastrophic event affecting the aorta, with an incidence exceeding that of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Without treatment, the majority of patients with aortic dissections will die within 3 months of presentation, and…
History of Fenestrated and Branched Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair Fenestrated and branched endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (FBEVAR) uses endovascular aortic devices altered to preserve flow to the renal, visceral, or brachiocephalic vessels while excluding aortic pathology in the region of…
Most thoracic aortic aneurysms arise from medial degeneration or from chronic aortic dissection. The overall incidence of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) is approximately 10.4 per 100,000 person-years with a significant increase with advancing age. In contrast to abdominal aortic aneurysms…
Since the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first thoracic endovascular aortic endograft repair (TEVAR) in 2005, its use has rapidly increased. , In a relatively short period of time, TEVAR for descending thoracic aortic aneurysms (DTAA) and…