Overview of Breast Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Standardization Efforts Given the rapid advances in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) technology and the multiple parameters influencing quality of breast DWI acquisition and analysis, harmonization of breast DWI protocols necessitates coherent standardization efforts by physicians, researchers,…
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique where the mobility of water molecules diffusing in tissue contributes to the image contrast. Sensitivity to diffusion is achieved by adding a pair of symmetrical diffusion sensitizing gradients to a…
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a promising approach for breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), both as a way to complement or to replace contrast-enhanced MRI. DWI measures diffusive motion, which is quantified by diffusivity, D , often measured in mm 2…
Basic Concept of Diffusion-Weighted Whole Body Imaging With Background Body Signal Suppression (DWIBS) Since the 1990s, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has revolutionized the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction, making it possible for patients to receive thrombolytic agents in emergency situations and…
Background Personalized medicine is yielding increasingly precise treatment and prevention strategies for groups of individuals based on their genetic makeup, environment, and lifestyle, as enabled by approaches including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and so forth. In oncology, the goal of…
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a widely applied quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach to characterize tissue microstructure throughout the body. In addition to quantifying the amount of water diffusion hindrance by tissue, DTI also captures the orientational bias (anisotropy)…
Intravoxel Incoherent Motion and Non-Gaussian Diffusion-Weighted Imaging: Introduction The role of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has expanded into many clinical applications, including differentiation between benign and malignant breast lesions, preoperative staging, evaluation of high-risk patients, and implant assessment. For…
The normal breast tissue undergoes marked alterations in size, shape, and function in response to the onset of puberty, pregnancy, lactation, and menopause. Both endogenous (early menarche, older age at first pregnancy, and nulliparity) and exogenous (use of hormonal replacement…
List of Abbreviations ADC apparent diffusion coefficient BI-RADS Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System BPS background parenchymal signal DCE dynamic contrast-enhanced DCIS ductal carcinoma in situ DWIST Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Screening Trial DW MRI diffusion-weighted MRI EPI echo-planar imaging…
Preoperative, or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), in which systemic therapy is administered before surgery, is used to downstage primary breast cancers while reducing the risk of recurrence. NAC often results in complete eradication of tumor at the time of surgery (pathological…