Category Gastrointestinal Imaging

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KEY FACTS Terminology Abdominal opportunistic infections and neoplasms resulting from HIV/AIDS-related immunodeficiency Imaging Liver and spleen Small hypodense nodules may be microabscesses Larger hypodense lesions might be infectious, but AIDS-related lymphoma should be considered Pneumocystis may result in tiny calcifications…

KEY FACTS Imaging Afferent loop (AL) syndrome AL becomes obstructed by adhesions, recurrent tumor, internal hernia, etc. CT is better than fluoroscopic studies for this diagnosis Colonoscopy and other endoscopic procedures Prevalence of complications is 1-2% CT shows perforation best…

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KEY FACTS Imaging CT and upper GI radiography have complementary roles Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) procedure (a.k.a. "lap band") Less effective for sustained weight loss Complications: Less common and less varied May be too tight or too loose Band…

KEY FACTS Terminology Patient injury caused by improper feeding tube placement Feeding tubes Small, soft enteric tubes Some with flexible metallic tips Tip of feeding tube should be located beyond stomach (distal duodenum or jejunum) Nasogastric tubes Large bore, moderately…

KEY FACTS Terminology Localized abdominal collection of pus or infected fluid Imaging CT is imaging test of choice : Low density, loculated, encapsulated fluid collection with peripheral rim enhancement Simple fluid density (0-10 HU) or slightly hyperdense Internal gas in…

KEY FACTS Imaging CT of chest, abdomen, and pelvis can be performed in < 1 minute of scan time Multiplanar, multiphasic CECT shows extent of bowel and solid visceral injuries and bleeding Evaluation of brain and spine injuries can be…

Overview Jaundice (icterus) is a condition characterized by yellow discoloration of the skin and mucus membranes resulting from deposition of bilirubin, a pigmented metabolite of heme. Jaundice is most commonly due to disorders of the liver or bile ducts, but…