Embryology , Anatomy , and Physiology The spleen develops from the dorsal mesogastrium and usually rotates to the left, becoming fixed in the left subphrenic location by peritoneal reflections linking it to the diaphragm, abdominal wall, stomach (gastrosplenic ligament), and…
KEY FACTS Imaging Multiplanar, contrast-enhanced CT (or PET/CT) is optimal imaging test Protocol advice Intravenous contrast for CT or MR Double contrast barium enema Lymphoma Bulky colonic mass; without colonic obstruction Preservation of fat planes Metastasis May mimic primary adenocarcinoma…
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KEY FACTS Terminology Autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by formation of innumerable colonic adenomatous polyps at young age and increased risk for colonic and extracolonic tumors Imaging Imaging tests : Double-contrast barium studies of colon and upper GI tract (may…
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KEY FACTS Imaging Imaging is critical for detection, diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) Detection : CT colonography, plus stool analysis Complementary role with standard colonoscopy Early cancer: Sessile or pedunculated polyp Advanced cancer: "Saddle" or "apple core"…
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KEY FACTS Terminology Blunt or penetrating injury to rectum or colon Imaging Transverse and descending colon are most common sites for blunt traumatic injury Rectum is most common site for penetrating injury Best diagnostic clue Colonic wall thickening with adjacent…
KEY FACTS Terminology Enteric fistula : Abnormal connection between bowel and another epithelial-lined surface (e.g., bladder, vagina, skin) Enteric sinus tract : Blind-ending tract originating from bowel Imaging Fluoroscopy Fistulogram: Best modality for enterocutaneous fistulas Small bowel follow-through : Complementary…
KEY FACTS Terminology Ogilvie syndrome, colonic pseudoobstruction, adynamic ileus, functional obstruction Acute: Reversible, occurring with severe medical illness and major surgeries Chronic: Constipation, no etiology for ileus, and repeated obstructive symptoms You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership…