KEY POINTS A key physiologic attribute that defines the quality of a MPI agent is defined by the relationship between the tracer uptake and MBF. A linear relationship maximizes the sensitivity of the tracer to identify flow-limiting coronary artery stenosis.…
KEY POINTS Accurate quantitative MBF quantification requires an understanding of the technical capabilities of the instrumentation and quantitative software used to make the measurements. Quality control of MBF studies includes careful assessments of the timing and quality of the injected…
KEY POINTS The radionuclides of interest for PET emit positrons, the antiparticles of electrons. Positrons interact with free electrons to produce two back-to-back 511-keV annihilation photons; PET imaging is based on coincidence detection of these photons, not of positrons. Commercial…
KEY POINTS Conventional gamma cameras use one to three detectors, based on a NaI scintillation crystal and a photomultiplier tube array, that rotate around the patient. Cameras commonly use parallel-hole collimators for which sensitivity is constant, but spatial resolution degrades…
Treatment of primary or metastatic hepatic tumors includes surgical resection, hepatic transplantation (for hepatocellular carcinoma), systemic drug therapy, and transarterial chemo and radioembolic therapy. Limited disease may be amenable to surgical resection. However, only 10%-20% of patients with primary hepatocellular…
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death in both men and women in the United States. It accounts for approximately 32% of deaths in males and 25% in females. Most patients with primary and secondary lung malignancies are nonsurgical…
Before the advent of tumor ablation, the curative treatment for primary renal cell cancer (RCC) was to perform laparoscopic or open nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy. Many patients are deemed unsuitable for potentially curative surgical techniques because of limited renal functional…
Tumor ablation techniques and applications have received increasing attention, research and experience over the past decade and have become an integral component of the treatment plans of some oncology patients. As techniques of application have become increasingly sophisticated, the patient…
Musculoskeletal interventional procedures are a fast growing area for interventional radiology. The most commonly performed techniques and the most promising new techniques are described in this chapter. Image Guidance Percutaneous musculoskeletal interventions, like other interventional procedures, are usually performed with…
Breast cancer is the most common non–skin cancer in women in the developed world, with one in eight women expected to develop breast cancer in their lifetime. However, the vast majority of women presenting to breast clinics have benign disease.…