Overview Otology and neurotology encompass a broad spectrum of procedures, from minor surgical procedures performed under local anesthesia in an outpatient setting (e.g., bone-anchored hearing aid placement), to complex intracranial surgeries involving critical neurovascular structures that require ICU admission (e.g.,…
Introduction The two most common pediatric surgeries in the United States, tympanostomy tube insertion and tonsillectomy, are both performed by otolaryngologists. For this reason, a contemporary understanding of pediatric perioperative pain control is critical for otolaryngologists. The majority of these…
Introduction Pain management is a major concern for many patients who contemplate undergoing facial plastic and reconstructive surgeries. Numerous over-the-counter and prescription pain medications have been used to address this important and universal patient issue. The treatment of acute postoperative…
Introduction The nasal cavity exists to warm, humidify, and sample air for olfaction as we inspire. The role of the paranasal sinuses is not as clear, though it is hypothesized that they exist, at least in part, to lighten the…
Acknowledgment We would like to express our appreciation to Dr. Roger Goucke for the invaluable input, suggestion, and language editing of the manuscript. Introduction Pain has recently been redefined as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling…
Introduction The Caldwell-Luc procedure was named after two surgeons, Caldwell and Luc. They both described a similar procedure, with Caldwell advocating an inferior meatal antrostomy and Luc advocating enlargement of the natural ostium in the middle meatus. Caldwell practiced in…
Overview and historical pain management Perioperative pain management is an essential component of surgical care. In the United States, an estimated 360,000–420,000 head and neck surgeries are performed annually. Pain severity tends to differ depending upon the type of otolaryngological…
Introduction Since the 1980s, the surgical approach to the maxillary sinuses has been revolutionized by the endoscopic endonasal approach. The goals of treatment of maxillary sinus disease are aeration and resumption of normal mucociliary flow. Additionally, there is an increasing…
Introduction Sinus surgery continues to evolve, greatly enhanced by technological innovations. Thirty years ago, largely due to advances in endoscopic visualization, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) became less extirpative than traditional operative sinus surgery. Now another stage in this evolution…
Introduction The nose is the most prominent part of the face defining an individual’s unique identity. It plays an important role functionally and aesthetically. However, the prominent position of the nose also accounts for its constant exposure to sunlight and…