Cranial Nerve III: Oculomotor Clinical Vignette A 37-year-old woman presented with a 2-day history of “blurry” vision on upward gaze and headache. One month previously, when she had experienced the same symptoms, sinusitis was diagnosed, and an antibiotic was prescribed;…
Intraocular Optic Nerve Clinical Vignette A 48-year-old man was referred for sudden loss of vision in the left eye. He had noted that morning while shaving that he could not see the lower half of his chin with the right…
Clinical Vignette A 64-year-old woman, a retired music teacher and a food and wine connoisseur, was driving to the airport to catch a flight to Spain when she noted she could not smell the characteristic skunk odor her friend was…
The armamentarium of neuroimaging techniques includes: computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, x-ray, fluoroscopy, and nuclear medicine (NM). Of these, CT and MRI have found the most use in daily practice and are frequently used as first-line neuroimaging,…
Clinical Vignette A 45-year-old woman presents to clinic with episodic left-sided weakness, dysarthria, and gait imbalance. The first episode occurred 9 months ago upon awakening and resolved gradually over 2 days. She had no associated headache, visual symptoms, or nausea.…
The neurologic sciences are the most intellectually challenging, unequivocally fascinating, and tremendously stimulating of the various clinical disciplines. Initially, the vast intricacies of basic neuroanatomy and neurophysiology often seem overwhelming to both medical student and neuroscience resident alike. However, eventually…
Overview Making a precise genetic, molecular diagnosis provides substantial value to families, even if there is no disease-specific treatment. A specific genetic diagnosis can narrow the horizon of prognostic possibility and help families to identify and network with other similarly…
Acetazolamide Actions: A weak diuretic and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Contraindications: Hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hyperchloremic acidosis, adrenocortical insufficiency, a history of allergy to sulfa drugs (a sulfonamide derivative), and significant renal, or hepatic dysfunction. Main drug interactions: Increases the serum levels of…
Introductions A common presenting problem in neurology is the existence of disorders that present with neurological symptoms, but that are atypical for and incongruent with known neurologic disorders. Many different terms have been used to describe these disorders including “hysterical,…
Introduction and Overview Recognizing and managing drug-induced movement disorders (DIMDs) in children poses many challenges. Prescribed medications as well as drugs of abuse can induce a variety of movement disorders including tremor, akathisia, hypokinetic/rigid syndromes (parkinsonism), dystonia, chorea, ataxia, tics,…