Students are traveling abroad in increasing numbers, with the largest increase observed in the university-student age group. Preparing the student for travel abroad encompasses the depth and breadth of travel medicine. The benefits of foreign travel and educational international exchange…
Pediatric travelers present unique challenges to the travel medicine provider. Each facet of travel medicine has special caveats relating to the different developmental stages, sizes, and maturity levels of the infant, child, or adolescent traveler. In addition, children traveling to…
In diving, the predominant forces of nature are the gas laws, and the two most important ones are Boyle's law and Henry's law. Simply stated, Boyle's law refers to a pressure–volume relationship. As a diver descends in the water, each…
Increasing numbers of people are traveling to high altitude for work or pleasure. While the rewards of such travel are often great and include opportunities to see places of great beauty or historical and cultural significance, to accomplish lifelong objectives,…
When travelers cross several time zones, go to hot or cold climates, or are subject to novel motion stimuli, they may face problems adapting to new environmental situations. This chapter presents some common states of disequilibrium likely to be encountered…
Traveler's diarrhea is a common malady affecting up to 60% of international travelers during a 2-week trip. Areas of the world can be divided into high, intermediate, and low risk for acquiring traveler's diarrhea ( Fig. 8.1 ). Lowering risk…
Risk of Water-Borne Infection Water disinfection is an essential component of the prevention strategy for enteric infections. In developing countries, surface water may be highly contaminated with human waste. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that 780 million people still…
Malaria is the most important parasitic disease in the world. Human malaria is a blood-borne protozoal infection caused by five species of the genus Plasmodium : P. falciparum , P. vivax , P. ovale , P. malariae , and P.…
Recommendations for travel immunizations are based on a risk assessment of each traveler's general health, trip itinerary, and knowledge of current health conditions at a given destination. Most travelers seek protection against vaccine-preventable diseases, yet their acceptance of the vaccines…
Once onboard a commercial jet aircraft headed to destination, the traveler faces the novel environment of the airplane cabin, in which a passenger's health may be impacted by the air quality and pressurization, among other prevailing conditions. Chronic health concerns…