Leptospirosis is the commonest zoonosis worldwide. It occurs in all areas except polar regions and is particularly common in the tropics and subtropics. Typical cases present abruptly with high fever and chills, intense headache, severe myalgias, and conjunctival suffusion. Many…
The various forms of viral hepatitis are a ubiquitous concern for travelers, immigrants, and the healthcare providers responsible for their care ( Table 22.1 ). This chapter will cover the five hepatitis viruses that are associated with the majority of…
General Considerations Malaria is preventable by taking chemoprophylaxis and using mosquito avoidance measures ( Chapter 6 ). However, healthcare providers should be knowledgeable about the work-up of malaria, as it is not uncommon for a returned traveler to present with…
The evaluation of fever in travelers poses a diagnostic challenge to clinicians for many reasons. First, there are many possible etiologies, some of which are geographically localized and are, thus, unfamiliar ( Table 20.1 ). Diagnosis may be delayed owing…
In an increasingly globalized world, migration and population mobility are important factors in the demographic makeup of national populations. In the United States, for example, recent estimates indicate that the foreign-born cohort comprises some 40 million people, or 13% of…
Expatriates Definitions Expatriates are defined as travelers who reside abroad for work or volunteer reasons but intend to return eventually to their home country, in contrast to immigrants, who intend to stay in the destination country. They typically spend longer…
Medevac Statistics Although mental health is often an afterthought in travel medicine, in fact, the psychiatric impact of travel is an area of growing interest, not only because of the prevalence of international travelers from all sectors of the population,…
In addition to travel by rail, ship, and automobile, almost 2 billion people travel by air annually. It is generally expected that primary care providers as well as travel medicine clinic personnel will identify individuals who are unfit for air…
As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, more people have the opportunity to travel outside their home communities and thus be at risk for novel and unexpected infections. The immunocompromised host requires special attention in pre-travel planning. This chapter will review…
Travel health issues for women will vary according to the life stage and lifestyle of the women. Issues differ depending on whether the woman is in her second trimester of pregnancy or about to go on her first solo journey…