Platelet Collection and Manufacturing Platelet components are either prepared from whole blood donations (platelet concentrates) or are collected by apheresis (single donor platelets). In the United States, whole blood–derived platelet concentrates are produced using the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) method. First,…
The clinical practice of transfusion medicine has evolved substantially since the discovery of the ABO system around 1900. Two technological advances set the stage for clinical practice through blood component therapy. First, the introduction of a safe and effective anticoagulant-preservative…
Pretransfusion testing includes ABO and Rhesus (Rh) type, and antibody screening to determine whether a patient has an unexpected red blood cell (RBC) antibody. If the antibody screen is positive, an identification panel is performed to identify the specificity. Unexpected…
Although hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a therapeutic option for various hematological and non-hematological disorders, it can result in toxicities and complications, leading to significant treatment related morbidity and non-relapse mortality (NRM). Based on the temporal association from the date…
The ability of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) to cure certain hematologic malignancies is widely recognized. An important therapeutic aspect of HCT in eradicating malignant cells is the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. The importance of the GVL effect in allogeneic HCT…
Cord Blood as a Stem Cell Source It is well established that ethnic minorities have a low likelihood of matching with an unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donor. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in alternative stem cell donors…
Introduction Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is an effective treatment for a wide range of hematologic malignancies, nonmalignant hematologic diseases, and immunologic disorders. Sources of donor stem cells for alloHSCT include human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched siblings (MSD), HLA-matched unrelated…
The outcomes of unrelated donor hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) have greatly improved as a result of a better understanding of the diversity of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes. The HLA and KIR genetic systems regulate…
Background Early reports of leukemia-free survival, following human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for refractory acute leukemia, was reported in the 1970s. Since then, allogeneic HCT has evolved into an effective and increasingly safe, curative, and intent…
The use of gene transfer to treat human diseases has now been demonstrated to be efficacious in a growing number of indications. Proof-of-principle successes in several monogenic diseases—both hematologic and non-hematologic—have been published and widely publicized in the past decade.…