Introduction As surgical and anesthetic techniques have evolved, perioperative mortality in complex cancer surgical interventions has decreased significantly. However, complications and associated morbidity remain a challenge not only for surgical recovery, but also for functional restoration, completion of care for…
Introduction The management of cancer patients has evolved exponentially over time. At the start of the 19th century surgery was the only available modality to treat cancer, and surgery itself was limited to superficial tumors such as breast and skin…
Introduction At the intersection of oncology and cardiology, the field of cardio-oncology is growing primarily with the aim of recognizing, monitoring, and treating cardiovascular complications resulting from cancer-related treatments. With advances in cardiac imaging technologies, we now have a much…
Introduction There have been rapid and substantial advances in cancer treatment with improved systemic therapies, including chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, as well as recent technologic advances in radiation therapy. This has led to new combinations and sequences…
Introduction Preoperative cancer therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation can have direct implications on perioperative management during cancer surgery. Chemotherapy is intended to prevent proliferation of malignant cells (cytostatic) and cause death of tumor cells (cytotoxic). It can be given…
Introduction In spite of the evident cytoreductive, potentially curative advantages of surgery, there has long been a suspicion that resecting primary tumors carries an intrinsic, paradoxical risk with respect to disease progression. , Anecdotal evidence prompted surgeons in the second…
Introduction Since 1991, the global burden of disease has shifted from communicable to noncommunicable disease (NCDs), primarily due to prevention, mitigation, and treatment of infectious disease in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This epidemiological shift has impacted global mortality rates…
Introduction Cancer epidemiology provides the tools and methods to understand the cancer problem in any given population, from the local level up to the global level. Incidence, prevalence, and mortality are the most commonly used measures to assess the cancer…
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This book contains many examples of mathematical statements which relate respiratory variables under specified conditions. Appendix E is intended to refresh the memory of those readers whose knowledge of mathematics has been attenuated under the relentless pressure of new information…