The paired orbits housing the globes are highly evolved and specialized structures that maintain the structural integrity of the globe and the highly complex coordinated movements that facilitate binocular vision. The neuromuscular mechanisms are complex and require considerable neurological investment,…
Core procedures Management of scalp lacerations Development of the scalp coronal or bicoronal flap to give access to the upper facial skeleton and for craniofacial surgery Donor site for reconstruction to cover defects by mobilization of a variety of scalp…
Core Procedures Surgical exposure of fracture articulations Reduction of displaced facial fractures Osteosynthesis of fracture sites The facial skeleton provides a framework for housing the special senses of vision, taste and olfaction; the muscle attachment of the sphincters of the…
This chapter contains an overview of the topographical anatomy of the head and neck. These anatomical regions are probably amongst the most complex in the body because so many structures are contained within a relatively small area. The head contains…
Human error is a significant cause of personal and organizational mistakes, and the need to recognize and address human factors (HF), performance optimization and team dynamics is essential to improve patient safety. Surgical errors are usually multifactorial rather than the…
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Cricothyrotomy Gray's Anatomy for Students: 536, 541, 543 Netter: 78, 83 Clinical Application Procedure creates an emergent airway through the cricothyroid membrane. Anatomic Landmarks ( Figs. VIII.1 and VIII.2 ) Palpation of midline structures Hyoid cartilage Thyroid cartilage Cricoid cartilage…
Atlas References Netter: 75, 76, 79, 80, 86–88, 147, 148 McMinn: 45, 47 Gray's Atlas: 553–555, 565 Before You Begin Place the cadaver in the supine position, and identify the following landmarks in the postcraniotomy skull ( Fig. 29.1 ):…
Atlas References Netter: 89–93 McMinn: 48–50 Gray's Atlas: 558–562 Before You Begin The larynx occupies the space between the epiglottis superiorly and the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage. Inspection Technique 1 o The inspection begins by examining the larynx…