The question “Why does aging occur?” calls for answers at the level of proximate physiologic mechanisms and at the level of ultimate evolutionary origins. This chapter provides an understanding of why aging has evolved and examines what evolution theory can…
Demography of Centenarians According to the U.S. Social Security Administration, in 2010, approximately 51,000 people aged 100 years and older collected Social Security benefits. The U.S. census reported a similar number of 53,364 and an overall prevalence of 1.73 centenarians/10,000…
Biogerontology, the field of biologic aging research, is the final biomedical research frontier. The sequencing of the human genome and advancements in molecular technology have provided enormous potential for regenerative medicine. The list of readily replaceable body parts (e.g., eye…
Introduction According to Wikipedia, epidemiology is defined as “the science that studies the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations.” Epidemiology was first concerned with epidemics of infectious diseases when these were the main cause…
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Introduction The history of the physician assistant (PA) profession is the story of volunteers who made great strides for the profession and for patients against sometimes long odds. These pioneers worked tirelessly to secure recognition for the profession, obtain reimbursement…
Introduction Physician assistant (PA) education is an exciting potential career for practicing PAs to consider. For PAs who enjoy teaching and mentoring students, becoming a PA educator offers many opportunities for career advancement, an enormous variety of tasks and experiences,…
Introduction In the 50 years of the physician assistant (PA) profession, PAs have worked hard to establish themselves in the workforce as flexible and caring clinicians who can increase health care access, decrease health care costs, improve the efficiency of…