Overview Nutritional anemias result from deficiencies of micronutrients that are essential for hematopoiesis and clinically defined by the presence of anemia with an inappropriately low reticulocyte count response by the marrow to the degree of anemia. Nutritional anemias are often…
Classification and diagnosis Anemia is defined as a reduction in hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, or red cell mass by more than two standard deviations below the mean for age and sex for the normal population. The normal ranges are also affected…
A variety of systemic illnesses, including acute and chronic infections, neoplastic diseases, connective tissue disorders, and storage diseases, are associated with hematologic manifestations. The hematologic manifestations are the result of the following mechanisms: bone marrow dysfunction, anemia or erythrocytosis, thrombocytopenia…
Over the last decade, molecular diagnostic testing in patients with hematologic and oncologic disorders has become increasingly sophisticated and prevalent. While in the past focused genetic tests were performed, in recent years the widespread use of genomic and molecular approaches…
Keywords: Diagnosis; lung cancer; mind mapping; molecular; staging Summary of Key Points Mind maps are used as a tool to illustrate the principles involved in the diagnostic evaluation of a patient with known or suspected lung cancer. Addressed are factors…
Summary of Key Points Health services research aims to improve the outcomes to treatment for lung cancer by optimizing the accessibility, quality, and efficiency of treatment programs. Achieving optimal outcomes for patients with lung cancer requires that every patient should…
Summary of Key Points † Deceased. To describe the functions of advocacy. To describe how lung cancer advocacy groups accomplish their goals. To describe how they can influence lung cancer outcomes. Advocacy is defined as the act or process of…
Summary of Key Points Despite two decades of progress, the prognosis for patients with lung cancer remains poor. Therefore forming new hypotheses and conducting clinical trials to investigate this patient population are still important. Accordingly, in the past 25 years,…
Summary of Key Points Lung cancer is increasingly understood at the molecular level; N-of-1 trials are becoming more relevant with the use of biomarker assessment and targeted therapies. The failure of promising agents in randomized studies has prompted reconsideration of…
Summary of Key Points The best palliative outcomes are obtained when palliative care is involved early in advanced lung cancer. Integration of palliative care early in the advanced cancer patient has important health utilization and economic outcomes besides patient-related outcomes.…